An Investigation of the Factors Influencing Quality Improvement of Training of Undergraduate Physical Education Human Resources: A Job Capabilities Approach
Jalal
Karimi
Ph.D. Student of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Hasan
Asadi
Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
mahmoud
Goodarzi
Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Seyyed Nasrollah
Sajjadi
Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The aim of this study was to investigate those factors affecting the quality improvement of training of undergraduate physical education human resources with a job capabilities approach.Quality improvement factors included areas and environmental conditions, inputs, processes, outputs, outcomes and impacts with totally 20 sub-factors. The research method was descriptive, correlation and application in terms of aim which was conducted as a field study. Data were collected by interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. 350 questionnaires were sent to 400 faculty members of physical education and sports sciences faculties and independent groups of Iran state universities. To obtain more sample and better data, 243 questionnaires were selected for final analysis which belonged more to the suggested sample of Morgan table (217). Face and content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated according to the viewpoints of experts and professors as well as a review of the literature. The reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha (α=96.2). The results of multiple regression showed that entrepreneurship (beta ratio 0.360) had the largest contribution to enlightening the changes in job capabilities and then rules and regulations (0.215), monitoring and evaluation (0.208), cultural - sports activities (0.189), structure (- 0.172), practical training (0.153), theoretical training (0.144) and leadership (- 0.89) were placed. For one standard deviation increase in the independent variable of entrepreneurship,0.360 standard deviations were created in the dependent variable of job capabilities. Finally, 8 remaining variables were able to explain 57% of the job capabilities changes and 43% were related to the variables which were not predicted in this study.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
9
22
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_65956_1b678aff9addd402b440ddf092226033.pdf
The Effect of High Volume Endurance Exercise (HVE) during Normobaric Hypoxia and Normoxia on Angiogenesis Response in Inactive Men
Yaghoub
Mehri Alvar
MSc. of Exercise Physiology and Nutrition, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Ali Asghar
Ravasi
Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Fatemeh
Shabkhiz
Assistant Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Fahimeh
Erfani Adab
MSc., Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
author
Sajjad
Hasanvand
MSc. of Exercise Physiology and Nutrition, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Exercise training induces vast physiological and biochemical changes in the body such as an increase in capillary density or angiogenesis of muscular and cardiac tissues. VEGF is known as the most important angiogenic factor in the occurrence of angiogenesis processes. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a single bout of long endurance exercise on in normobaric hypoxia and normoxia conditions on angiogenesis response of inactive men. 8 inactive young men (age 25±0.5 yr, height 174±5.4 cm, weight 62 ±4.5 kg and maximum work output (Wmax) in hypoxia condition 159±13.41 and in normoxia condition 171±8.21) were selected as the subjects. Subjects performed the protocol of continuous exercise in normobarichypoxia condition (%15.3-15.5 O2, altitude of approximately 2500 m) and performed the same protocol in normoxia condition during two separate weeks. Blood samples were collected before, immediately and two hours after the exercise. The results of ANOVA with repeated measures showed a significant difference between hypoxia and normoxia conditions in the amount of the effectiveness on serum VEGF levels in inactive men (P=0.036). Training interventions and many studies are needed to determine angiogenesis in human body. Although high levels of VEGF after continuous exercise may increase angiogenesis in hypoxia condition compared with normoxia condition, future studies are needed to determine the incentives and mechanisms necessary for the growth of new blood arteries in continuous exercises.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
23
38
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66116_6a6a1ea704de6f27a0b96ff7a15fb894.pdf
Glass Ceiling Status and its Effect on Women’s Reduced Empowerment in Sport Organizations (A Case Study of East Azerbaijan Sport and Youth General Office)
Mahdi
Azadan
PhD Student of Sport Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
Hashem
Koozechian
Professor of Sport Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
Mahdi
Bashiri
PhD Student of Sport Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Rasoul
Norouzi Seyyed Hosseini
PhD Student of Sport Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
“Glass ceiling” phenomenon prevents many women from advancing towards top posts and managerial positions. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the status of glass ceiling in East Azerbaijan Sport and Youth general office and its effect on employed women’s reduced empowerment. All the personnel in this office and its affiliated offices in the cities of East Azerbaijan province responded to the glass ceiling questionnaire. To analyze data, Kolmogrov-Smirnov test, independent sample t test and path analysis were used with SPSS19 and Lisrel 8 (P≤0.05). Results showed a significant difference between men and women in their viewpoints on the existence of glass ceiling in this office and sociability of weakness, that is to say women believed in existence of glass ceiling more than men and on the contrary, men believed in sociability of weakness more than women. Results from path analysis showed that glass ceiling directly influenced empowerment, weakness sociability, and self-concept. Furthermore, weakness sociability and self-concept had a negative and significant effect on empowerment. Finally, women employed in sport organizations suffered from glass ceiling. It is suggested to pay more attention to cultural actions about women’s abilities specially their managerial abilities.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
39
49
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66117_e2d481571e9acf011eee9c06e4915557.pdf
The Effect of 6 Weeks of Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) on Swimming Speed
Afsaneh
Astinchap
MSc. of Exercise Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Naser
Behpour
Assistant Professor, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Vahid
Tadibi
Associate Professor, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Previous research has shown that inspiratory muscle training can improve endurance performance of athletes in a range of sports. However, few studies have tried to investigate the effect of respiratory training on swimmers. Due to the specific characteristics of the respiratory system in swimmers, this study examined the effect of inspiratory muscle training on speed performance of swimmers. 16 female members of the swimming team of Kermanshah province voluntarily participated in this study and randomly divided into sham training group (mean age 10.75±1.98 yr, height 140.68±14.7 cm, weight 32.17±10.61 kg) and experimental group (mean age 10.75±2.18 yr, height 143.68±13.62 cm, weight 36.6±9.01 kg) and trained for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week, 30 breaths per session). Training intensity in the experimental group was equal to 5(severe) and in the sham group was equal to 1(very slight) in modified Borg scale. Before and after the training protocol, 25, 50 and 100m front crawl swimming tests were performed. T test was used to analyze data by SPSS software (P<0.05). The findings showed that after inspiratory muscle training, performance of experimental group improved significantly in the 25m swimming test (P<0.05) while changes were not significant in 50 and 100m tests. This study demonstrated that physiological adaptations that occur after IMT training in respiratory muscles can explain the significant improvement in 25m swimming test in the experimental group. But 50 and 100m swimming tests did not show any significant changes. It may be noted that adaptations involved could not influence more than 25m. The mechanisms influencing these results are not yet known clearly.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
51
62
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66118_2e8903c6422b0ca51fe5cd0427df1a46.pdf
The Role of Quality and Price in Purchasing Sport Footwear in Iranian University Student Athletes
Bahram
Yousefi
Associate Professor, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Seyyedeh Zahra
Tabatabai
M.Sc. of Sport Management, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Keivan
Shabani Moghaddam
Assistant Professor, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The aim of the present study was to assess the viewpoints on the role of quality and price in purchasing sport footwear in athlete students. The statistical population consisted of university student athletes participating in 10th Iran Sport Olympiad of Universities. To collect data, 450 researcher-made questionnaires were distributed among male and female university student athletes who were selected by cluster random sampling method. Out of returned questionnaires, 380 questionnaires were accepted and analyzed. To analyze data, dependent and independent t tests and one-way analysis of variance were used. The results showed that quality was significantly more important than price. The importance of both quality and price was affected by gender, that is to say quality was more important to women than men and price was more important to men than women. The importance of quality was independent from income; however, price had different degrees of importance among different income groups; an increase in income reduced the importance of price. More than 45% of respondents believed that the quality of domestic sport footwear was lower than imported brands. The ratio of domestic sport footwear purchase to imported footwear was less than 1 per 3 pair.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
63
72
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66120_bb9d26d2896f923d17e1480a2244cbf6.pdf
A Comparison of Three Selected Training Methods of Physical Fitness on Hematological Factors of Adolescent Soccer Players
Asadollah
Chezani Sharahi
MSc. of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
author
Mohammad Ali
Samavati Sharif
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three selected training methods of physical fitness on hematological factors of adolescent soccer players. 48 adolescent football players participated in this study who were divided into four equal groups (n=12). Group 1 intermittently performed one session of endurance training, one session of strength training, and one session of speed training for 15 sessions; Group 2 performed five sessions of endurance training, five sessions of strength training, and five sessions of speed training; Group 3 performed all three factors of endurance, strength and speed in each session; Group 4 (control group) performed daily football training. Before and after the training protocol (after 12 hours of fasting), 5cc blood was collected from participants' arm veins. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (paired samples t test, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test) at P˂0.05. Results showed a significant increase in the PLT in group 2 (P=0.029) compared with the pre-training. Also, group 1 showed a significant increase in the RBC (P=0.05) compared with group 2, %Hct (P=0.009) compared with group 2 and (P=0.04) compared with group 3 and (P=0.01) compared with the control group and MCV (P=0.009) and Hb (P=0.02) compared with group 3. Group 3 significantly increased PLT compared with group 1 (P=0.005). It is recommended that a concurrent method of development of physical fitness factors (endurance, strength, speed) should be used in separate training sessions.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
73
83
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66148_097ecfb17689efb46eaf52af062940d2.pdf
Assessment and Performance Analysis of Iran Caravans in Paralympics Games
Kamran
Eydipour
M.Sc., Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Hossein
Eydi
Assistant Professor, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Homayon
Abbasi
Assistant Professor, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Abouzar
Souri
M.Sc., Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Farhad
Nazari
M.Sc., Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The aim of this study was to assess and analyze performance of Iran caravans in Paralympics games. Researchmethod was descriptive-analytical and retrospective. The population consisted of all seven Paralympics games (1988 - 2012) in which Iran participated. Data were collected through reliable resources of Paralympics gamesand analyzed using descriptive statistics (tables, charts, etc.) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis test, etc.). The results showed a significant positive relationship between total medals and number of participants (P≤0.05, r=0.47). Also, there was a relationship between total medals received and gender. Iran received most medals in Paralympics in track and field with 7 medals and mean rank of 44.29. Also, Iran caravans performed best in London 2012 games and worst in 1992 games. Sport policy makers should pay special attention to women's sport and support those fields such as track and field which receives many medals and attempt to send more athletes in caravans to Paralympics games.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
85
95
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66149_7e1bd51efff0952261eec3a8eaf34f81.pdf
The Effect of Saffron Extract Consumption on the Serum Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) Enzyme Activity and C - Reactive Protein (CRP) in Healthy Young Women Following a Session of Acute Resistance Training
Mahboube
Ajam
MSc. Of Physical Education, Physical Education Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
author
Mohammad Ismail
Afzalpour
Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
author
Hossein
Abtahi
Assistant Professor, Basic Sciences Department, Medical Sciences University, Gonabad, Iran
author
Marzieh
Saghebjou
Assistant Professor, Physical Education Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Acute and heavy exercises may increase oxidative stress and thereby suppress defense systems; thus it is necessary to adopt nutrition strategies such as anti-oxidative supplements to help athletes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of consumption of saffron extract on the serum PON1 enzyme activity and CRP in healthy young women following one session of acute resistance training. 30 young non- athlete women were divided randomly into three groups including resistance training plus saffron extract, resistance training and control (each 10 subjects). After the supplementation period (4 weeks, 30 mg/day), the subjects performed a session of acute resistance training at %85 of 1RM (one repetition maximum). Blood samples were taken at the end of the supplementation period, before and after the resistance training protocol. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used at P<0.05. Results indicated that PON1 activity increased significantly in resistance training plus saffron extract group and resistance training group (P=0.04, P=0.00 respectively) while the mean difference of PON1 was not significant between the two groups (P=0.54). Four weeks of saffron extract plus acute resistance training did not have a significant effect on CRP (P=0.36). Although four weeks of saffron extract consumption (30 mg/day) significantly increased serum PON1 but did not have a significant effect on CRP, this elevation was not beyond the changes induced by acute resistance exercise alone. Based on the current results, this dose of saffron extract cannot be considered to have an influential effect on the activity of PON1 anti-oxidative enzyme in healthy inactive women.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
97
111
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66150_29a6b09d8b1dfffc31d9222c39fa99c8.pdf
The Effect of Brand Credibility on Brand Perception Variables in Sport Products
mohsen
Behnam
PhD Student of Management and Planning in Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Leila
Khorrami
MSc. Student of Sport Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Narges
Fasih
MSc. Student of Sport Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of brand credibility on satisfaction, continuous commitment and brand loyalty. The method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population consisted of Nike consumers of Tehran city. 171 subjects were selected as the sample by convenience sampling method. To collect data, Brand Credibility Questionnaire (Erdem & Swait, 1998), Loyalty Commitment Questionnaire (Sweeney & Swait, 2008), Satisfaction Questionnaire (Oliver, 1997) and Continuous Commitment Questionnaire (Meyer & Allen, 1997) were used. Their reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha as α=0.96, α=0.96, α=0.92 and α=0.87 respectively. The SEM was used to analyze data. During examining the relationships of variables, the outputs of the software EQS 6.1 represented the structural model fit (NFI=0.91, CFI=0.95 & RMSEA=0.080 showed the structural model fit). In other words, the observed data were similar to the study design to a great extent. The results indicated that brand credibility had a positive direct effect on loyalty (=β0.53), satisfaction (=β0.67) and continuous commitment (=β0.63). Also, satisfaction had an effect on loyalty (=β0.41). According to the results, sporting goods manufacturers should endeavor to shape and establish a proper perception of their trademarks in their customers' mind.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
113
124
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66152_fa88f40be6684f5b3e4cf402abe0ef92.pdf
The Effect of 8 Weeks of Exercise Therapy Program on Static and Dynamic Balance of Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Children
Narges
Jalali
MSc. of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injury, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
Mansour
Sahebalzamani
. PhD of Exercise Therapy and Sport Rehabilitation, Associate Professor of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injury Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
Mahin
Eslami Shahr Babaki
Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Neurology Research Center, Psychiatry Department, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Medical Faculty of Afzalipour (Eng.), Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 8 weeks of exercise therapy program on static and dynamic balance in attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children. 30 ADHD children (mean age 8.07±1.1 yr, weight 25.6±7.5 kg and height 126±11.1 cm) voluntarily participated in the study with their parents' consent and were divided into control and experimental groups randomly. Before exercises, the Biodex Balance System (BBS) was used to measure static and dynamic balance. The experimental group performed 8 weeks (three sessions per week) of balance exercise while control group did not perform any balance exercises during this period. After the program, static and dynamic balance was evaluated. Data were analyzed by independent and paired t tests. The results showed that in the experimental group, static and dynamic balance were significantly different in all three indexes of general, anterior-posterior and interior-exterior before and after the exercises. These findings were also significantly different in the control group. The results showed that balance training and exercises can play a significant role in improving static and dynamic balance of ADHD children.
Sport Physiology & Management Investigations
جهاد دانشگاهی
1735.5354
7
v.
1
no.
2015
125
134
https://www.sportrc.ir/article_66154_80dfa92e87e426ae38a664f77bfd3054.pdf